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Mediated cross-border communication is a scholarly field in communication studies and refers to any mediated form of communication in the course of which nation state or cultural borders are crossed or even get transgressed and undermined (e.g., world news, satellite television, transnational media events).〔Wessler, H., & Brüggemann, M. (2012, in press). Transnationale Kommunikation. Eine Einführung. Wiesbaden: Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften.〕 The expression serves as an umbrella term that encompasses different research approaches (e.g., international communication, transnational communication) that can heuristically be differentiated by their specific use of research perspectives, as well as particular levels and objects of analysis (see dimensions of analysis). Thematically, research is often concerned with the political dimension of mediated cross-border communication. Examples include studies on the impact of mediated cross-border communication on foreign policy (CNN effect〔Volkmer, I. (1999). News in the global sphere: a study of CNN and its impact on global communications. Luton: University of Luton Press.〕), political change (media and democratization,〔Voltmer, K. (2008). Comparing media systems in new democracies: east meets south meets west. Central European Journal Journal of Communication, 1(1). 23-39.〕 zapatista effect,〔Cleaver, H. M. (1998). The zapatista effect: the internet and the rise of an alternative political fabric. Journal of International Affairs, 51(2), 621-640.〕 boomerang effect〔Sikkink, K., Keck, M. E., & Cunningham, S. (Eds.) (1998). Activists beyond borders: advocacy networks in international policy. London: Cornell University Press.〕), research on official government communication targeting foreign audiences (e.g., certain kinds of International broadcasting, Public diplomacy) and questions on media representations of the developing world (e.g., New World Information and Communication Order). Apart from that, global mass communication ethics〔Hanitzsch, T., Seethaler, J., Skewes, E. A., Anikina, M., Berganza, R., Cangöz, I., Coman, M., Hamada, B., Hanusch, F., Karadjov, C. D., Mellado, C., Moreira, S. V., Mwesige, P- G., Plaisance, P. L., Reich, Z., Vardiansyah Noor, D., & Yuen, K. W. (2012). Worlds of journalism: journalistic cultures, professional autonomy and perceived influences across 18 nations. In D. H. Weaver & L. Willnat (Eds.), The global journalist in the 21st century. New York, NY: Routledge.〕〔Cooper, T. W. (Ed.) (1989). Communication ethics and global change. New York: Longman.〕 and the globalization of entertainment〔Hafez, K. (2007). The myth of media globalization. Cambridge: Polity Press.〕 constitute further important topics. An at least implicit common feature to almost all of the aforementioned topics is their general interest in answering the question to what extent nationally, culturally or otherwise defined media systems influence each other, converge or whether they can pertain distinct identities under conditions of mediated cross-border communication. Mediated cross-border communication is considered as becoming increasingly important both as a real world phenomenon and field of research as there has been a steady strengthening of the conditions of globalization and media innovations that offer fast and low-cost forms of cross-border communication since the second half of the twentieth century.〔McQuail, D. (2010). McQuail's Mass Communication Theory (pp. 248-269). London: SAGE.〕 However, critics argue that the importance of the nation state remains high; for example, most online communication still takes place between citizens of the same nation state. Also, the responsibility for most broadcasting and press legislation usually rests with individual national states.〔Hafez, K. (2007). The myth of media globalization. Cambridge: Polity Press.〕 ==History of research== The history of mediated cross-border communication research is closely related to the three major decades of the 20th century, which stimulated and influenced this field of research in terms of themes, funding sources as well as ideologies: The two world wars in the first half of the 20th century, the Cold War decade, and finally the era of globalization after the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe in 1989 and the former Soviet Union in 1991. Throughout the time, technological innovations such as satellite television or the Internet and the expansion of media markets across national borders have further stimulated research interest in mediated cross-border communication. Milestones of mediated cross-border communication research 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mediated cross-border communication」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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